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Article History

Received: 8 October 2025

Accepted: 25 February 2026

First Online: 3 March 2026

Declarations

:

: The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Ethical Committee of the Cotonou Entomological Research Center (IECC) under approval number IORG005698. The Cotonou Entomological Research Center (CREC) operates under the Directorate of Research and Training of the Ministry of Health of Benin, ensuring that all research activities comply with national regulations and ethical standards for health research. Prior to the start of the study, written informed consent was obtained from all local mosquito collectors who voluntarily agreed to participate after being fully informed about the study’s objectives, procedures, potential risks, and benefits. All participants were vaccinated against yellow fever, underwent periodic medical check-ups conducted by the attending physician, and received appropriate treatment in the event of confirmed malaria infection. All ethical procedures adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The ethical framework and consent procedures applied in this study are consistent with those previously implemented and published in other CREC-led investigations (Salako et al. [ ])

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.