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Authors
Chai, Zixin
Chen, Dachun
Fan, Yuchen
Wang, Lu
Li, Xiang
Miao, Fengqin
Chen, Zexin
Ma, Shaolei
Guo, Fangfang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82371164)
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Article History
Received: 10 December 2025
Accepted: 6 March 2026
First Online: 11 April 2026
Declarations
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: The study was established, according to the ethical guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki, and was approved by IEC for Clinical Research of Zhongda Hospital Southeast University (Approval Number 2025ZDSYLL174-P01). The requirement for informed consent was waived by the ethics committee because this was a retrospective study using de-identified data from hospital records and involved no more than minimal risk to participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
