Document is current

Article History

Received: 21 October 2025

Accepted: 31 March 2026

First Online: 10 April 2026

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Comité d’éthique de la recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval , the University of British Columbia Research Ethics Board (REB), the University of Calgary Conjoint Health Research Ethics Board, and the Sinai Health Research Ethics Board. Each participating center obtained approval from its institutional Research Ethics Board before data collection. These Research Ethics Boards operate in compliance with national and international ethical guidelines, including the Canadian Tri-Council Policy Statement 2 and ICH-GCP, which reflect the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. In AB and ON, informed consent was obtained from all participants or, in the case of minors, from their parents or legal guardians, as approved by the respective Research Ethics Boards. In BC, the study was classified as minimal risk and the use of de-identified surveillance and immunization data collected by the British Columbia Centre for Disease Control and the provincial immunization registry under the public health mandate was approved with a waiver of consent by the University of British Columbia Behavioural Research Ethics Board. In QC, ethics approval authorized access to nominative data on IPD cases held by the Quebec Ministry of Health. Informed consent was obtained from participants who were interviewed or, in the case of minors, from their parents or legal guardians. All case records were de-identified before transmission to the coordinating center under data-sharing agreements compliant with applicable provincial legislation and ethics board requirements.

: Not applicable.

: None to declare for Zhou Z, Deceuninck G, Brousseau N, Naus M, Sell H, and De Wals P.McGeer A reports receiving funds to her institution for investigator-initiated and collaborative research with Pfizer, and receipt of honoraria for advisory boards, webinars, and data safety monitoring boards from GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, and Sanofi.Kellner J reports that the CASPER study has been supported, in part, by an unrestricted grant-in-aid from Pfizer Canada. All funds were paid to his institute, and he has not received any personal payments.Sadarangani M is supported via a salary award from the BC Children’s Hospital Foundation. In the last three years, Sadarangani M has been an investigator on projects funded by GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Moderna, Pfizer, and Sanofi-Pasteur. All funds were paid to his institute, and he has not received any personal payments.