Document is current

Article History

Received: 12 April 2025

Accepted: 15 April 2026

First Online: 22 April 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital (Approval No. 2025(77)) and was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from parents or legal guardians for all invasive clinical procedures (including bronchoscopy, BAL, and tNGS) as part of routine care. For the retrospective analysis and extraction of anonymized (de-identified) clinical and laboratory data, the Ethics Committee granted a waiver of additional informed consent, given the minimal risk and use of de-identified information only. The approval and waiver specifically cover the retrospective data collection and analysis performed in this study.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.