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Authors
Wang, Pingping
Yao, Jin
Li, Yaqiong
Zhang, Zhanjun
Huang, Xiaorong
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology Science and Technology Project (252102310175)
Henan Province Philosophy and Social Sciences Education Strong Province Research Project (2025JYQS0378)
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Article History
Received: 20 December 2025
Accepted: 24 April 2026
First Online: 28 April 2026
Declarations
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: This study used de-identified laboratory surveillance data and did not involve direct access to personally identifiable information. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Luoyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital (LWOPN2024120602.0). All procedures were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant institutional and national regulations. The requirement for informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of Luoyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
