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Authors
Chang, Wei-Lun
Wu, Chia-Ling
Chiu, Cheng-Hsun
Huang, Yu-Tung
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Taiwan台灣長庚醫療財團財團法人 (CGRPG3Q0021)
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Article History
Received: 26 January 2026
Accepted: 13 May 2026
First Online: 23 May 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Chang Gung Medical Foundation (IRB No. 202500368B0C6001). All data were fully de-identified prior to access and analysis; therefore, the requirement for informed consent was waived.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
