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Authors
Chen, Zhiqiang
Qin, Ping
Yang, Yang
Liu, Junfang
Zhang, Cuicui
Zan, Xianfeng
Yao, Jiajiu
Li, Yidan
Li, Lihong
Tian, Xiaoxi
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Article History
Received: 16 August 2025
Accepted: 15 May 2026
First Online: 12 June 2026
Declarations
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: The data used in this study were obtained from the MIMIC-IV database. Patient information in the MIMIC-IV database has been deidentified and anonymized in accordance with strict privacy protocols. As such, additional ethical approval and informed consent were not required for this study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
