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Article History

Received: 11 March 2026

Accepted: 29 May 2026

First Online: 3 June 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of the Second People’s Hospital of Fuyang City (Approval No.: 20231112032). Given the retrospective nature of the research, which involved the collection and analysis of anonymized clinical data from existing medical records, the requirement for obtaining written informed consent from individual patients was waived by the Ethics Committee. To ensure strict confidentiality and protect patient privacy, all personal identifiers (including names, identification numbers, and contact information) were removed prior to data extraction and analysis. Data were accessed and handled only by authorized research personnel in a secure, password-protected electronic environment. All analyses were performed on de-identified datasets, and results are presented in aggregate form to prevent any possibility of individual patient identification.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.