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Authors
Zhao, Daren
Li, Shiyuan
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Article History
Received: 24 October 2025
Accepted: 4 June 2026
First Online: 10 June 2026
Declarations
Ethical approval: Not applicable. Data were obtained from publicly accessible sources. No individual-level data, human participants, or animal participants were included. Therefore, formal ethical approval and informed consent were not required and the Declaration of Helsinki was not applied. The research was conducted in accordance with the principles of data privacy and responsible use of public health data.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
