Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Inoshima, Naoki
Nakashima, Kei
Suzuki, Kanzo
Nagasaka, Hirohiko
Niwa, Toshiaki
Nakahama, Chikara
Miyashita, Naoyuki
Iwamoto, Satomi
Kan, Sakae
Kondo, Kyoko
Ohfuji, Satoko
Fukushima, Wakaba
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
This study was supported by a grant for Research on Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan (grant numbers: 20HA2001 and 24HA2007)
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 12 April 2026
Accepted: 10 June 2026
First Online: 16 June 2026
Declarations
:
: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the central institutional review board at Osaka Metropolitan University (#2023-082). In addition, the study was approved by all participating institutions, Kameda Medical Center, and Nagoya City University. The research adhered to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and the Japanese Ethical Guidelines for Medical and Health Research Involving Human Subjects. Because this study was a secondary analysis of de-identified data, the requirement for written informed consent to participate was waived by the central Institutional Review Board of Osaka Metropolitan University, and participants were given the opportunity to opt out of the study through publicly posted study information at each participating institution.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
