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Authors
Arakawa, Yu
Yagi, Yusuke
Nishida, Yoshie
Iwame, Saya
Mikamo, Hiroshige
Yamagishi, Yuka
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Article History
Received: 5 September 2025
Accepted: 17 June 2026
First Online: 22 June 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Kochi Medical School (approval number: 2022139). For this retrospective study, the requirement for individual written informed consent was waived by the ethics committee. Instead, consent was obtained via an opt-out method, where information regarding the study was publicly disclosed, and patients were provided the opportunity to withdraw their data from the study.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
