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Authors
Mermer, Sinan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9937-6267
Çağlayan, Ertuğrul
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Article History
Received: 24 November 2025
Accepted: 6 July 2026
First Online: 25 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Medical Research Ethics Committee of İzmir University of Economics, Faculty of Medicine (Approval No: E-97429853-050.04-100909). The Institutional Review Board approved the study, and the requirement for informed consent was waived due to its retrospective design. The study caused no harm to patients, researchers, or the healthcare system.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
