Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Yang, Shuting
Gao, Jian
Cao, Lijiao
Zhang, Hailong
Ren, Lina
Miao, Ziping
Zhang, Qing
Kong, Xiangyu
Mei, Guoyong
Sun, Lingli
Zhou, Shuaifeng
Jin, Miao
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China (SQ2021YFC2300012)
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 30 March 2026
Accepted: 10 July 2026
First Online: 20 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki and all applicable ethical guidelines. All participants provided informed consent prior to the study. This project has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (No. IVDC2025-003).
Consent for publication: We gratefully acknowledge the personnels of local centers for disease control and prevention (CDCs) who contributed to specimen collection, detection and data sharing: Anqi Yin and Gaolin Shu (Beijing Changping District CDC), Zhongyan Fu (Shandong Provincial CDC), Yang Jiao and Xiangyu Hu (Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention), Song Liu, Dan Zhao and Zhaoguo Wang (Qingdao Municipal CDC), Ranran Cao (Sichuan Provincial CDC), and Yihui Cao (Yunnan Provincial CDC).
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
