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Epidemiology, clinical outcomes, and factors associated with mortality among cerebrospinal meningitis cases in the Upper West Region of Ghana: an eight-year surveillance study

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-026-14070-3

Published Online: 2026-07-22

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Bakariwie, Abdul-Wahab Chiemina

Ziblim, Andrew Mpagwuni

Inusah, Abdul-Hanan Saani https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4483-2473
Mutawakil, Mohammed Rashad

Kyebambo, Ireneus Malinbong
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-07-22

Accepted Manuscript valid from 2026-07-22
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Article History

Received: 17 February 2026

Accepted: 20 July 2026

First Online: 22 July 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval: Ethics clearance was obtained from the Committee on Human Research, Publications, and Ethics of the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana (No. CHRPE/AP/1336/24) and the study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. This study involved secondary analysis of routinely collected surveillance data. Informed consent to participate was therefore waived by the ethics committee, as the data was anonymized and no direct participant contact occurred.

Consent to participate: Informed consent to participate was not applicable as this was secondary data.

Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

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