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Authors
Bokabo, Eric https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8721-6555
Situakibanza, Hippolyte
Mazamay, Serge
Kizungu, Roger Vumilia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1051-6890
Mossoko, Mathias
Nkwembe, Edith
Broutin, Hélène
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Article History
Received: 27 April 2026
Accepted: 29 July 2026
First Online: 5 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: In accordance with current national regulations issued by the Ministry of Public Health, Hygiene, and Social Welfare of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) as part of the national response to an epidemic declared a public health emergency, ethics approval and a notice of consent are not deemed necessary. All data used in the study were shared by the INSP and IRNB, after anonymization. These data were collected by these 2 national institutions. The use of this data did not expose participants to any risk of stigmatization, discrimination, or criminalization during the study.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
