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Authors
Yang, Guo-ling
Wang, Li
Zeng, Wen-qian
Zheng, Xu-bin
Yao, Lan
Chen, Jian-xia
Sha, Wei
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFC2307300，2023YFC2307303)
Shanghai’s 2023 “Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan”，special general project of medical innovation research (No.23Y11900300)
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Article History
Received: 5 January 2026
Accepted: 14 August 2026
First Online: 5 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Review Committee of Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital (Approval Number: K23-198). All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in compliance with the ethical standards laid down in the 2024 revised WMA Declaration of Helsinki. All participants signed the informed consent document voluntarily.
Consent for publication: All authors have given their explicit consent for the publication of this manuscript, including all associated supplementary materials and data.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
