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Authors
Usamatu, A.
Iseh, K. R.
Amutta, S. B.
Abdullahi, M.
Adeyeye, F. M.
Umar, Sufiyanu Yabo
Mohammed, Y.
Sabitu, M. Z.
Jiya, F. B.
Isezuo, K. O.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
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Article History
Received: 15 July 2025
Accepted: 20 August 2026
First Online: 26 August 2026
Declarations
Informed consent: This study is a retrospective study in which the case notes of patients managed for diphtheria in our hospital were retrieved, and the proposal was submitted to the ethical/ informed consent committee of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital for informed consent waiver, which was granted based on the local policy of the hospital on retrospective studies like this current one.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Name of ethical/ informed consent commitTEE: Usmanu danfodiyo university teaching hospital ethical committee.
Reference numbers: UDUTH/HREC/2025/1596.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
