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Authors
Jock, Buay Mathew
Merera, Amanuel Mengistu https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2466-463X
Serba, Henok Ashenafi https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2705-2697
Abreham, Asnake https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4930-5871
Merga, Hailu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7536-4755
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Article History
Received: 12 January 2026
Accepted: 10 September 2026
First Online: 18 September 2026
Declarations
Ethical approval: Ethical approval was obtained from the Jimma University Institutional Review Board (Ref. No: JUIH/IRB/283/25). Permission to conduct the study was also secured from the Gambella Regional Health Bureau and respective refugee camp health facilities. As the study was based on retrospective review of de-identified medical records, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board. All patient information was kept confidential, and no personal identifiers were collected or recorded. All procedures were conducted in accordance with relevant ethical guidelines and regulations, and the study was reported following the Strengthening of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
