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Article History

Received: 23 September 2024

Accepted: 5 May 2025

First Online: 19 May 2025

Declarations

:

: The protocol for this study was approved by the Institutional Review Committee of the Shandong Provincial Hospital and Shandong First Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Ethics Committee (SDTHEC 2024001002). All experiments were conducted in strict compliance with relevant international and national guidelines and regulations regarding human research, including but not limited to ethical principles, patient rights protection, and data security requirements. As this is a retrospective study and sensitive information of all patients was hidden during the study process, so Shandong First Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Ethics Committee (SDTHEC 2024001002) waived the requirement for informed consent.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.