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Authors
Nie, Silin
Jiang, Yumin
Ji, Huixiang
Liu, Xiaohui
Lyu, Lanxing
Wang, Chun
Shan, Yuping
Chen, Aiping
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Article History
Received: 13 April 2025
Accepted: 7 August 2025
First Online: 12 August 2025
Declarations
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: This retrospective study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committees of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and Rizhao People’s Hospital. Written informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study, and patient data confidentiality was strictly ensured. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations, including the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
