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Authors
Jiang, Changqin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8135-7807
Yang, Qing https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9641-3170
Hou, Xueyan
Zhang, Mengnan
Yang, Zhiqiang
Qin, Ruili
Sun, Xixia
Tao, Xiaoling
Feng, Qiang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6797-8108
Wang, Zhaoqian https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6763-8463
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Article History
Received: 12 May 2025
Accepted: 3 September 2025
First Online: 29 September 2025
Declarations
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: This study was a retrospective analysis and received approval from the Ethics Committee of Dalian Medical University (Approval No. PJ-KS-KY-2024–432). The requirement for informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee due to the retrospective nature of the study, in accordance with relevant national regulations. The procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation and with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
