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Article History

Received: 15 July 2025

Accepted: 10 September 2025

First Online: 29 September 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The requirement for informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University because of the retrospective nature of the study. Patients were not required to give informed consent to the study because the analysis used anonymous clinical data that were obtained after each patient agreed to treatment by written consent. The study is approved by Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University institutional review board (Approval number: B2021-366). All experiments were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.