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Authors
Yu, Yaxi
Chen, Rong
Song, Jianxia
Yang, Yue
Wang, Dawei
Hao, Shuqi
Su, Hua
Qu, Ming
Yang, Fei
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Department of Education of Hebei Province in Hebei Province (CXZZSS2024127)
the 2024 Government-funded Training Program for Excellence in Clinical Medicine (ZF2024229)
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Article History
Received: 14 April 2025
Accepted: 6 October 2025
First Online: 31 October 2025
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University. Written informed consent for participation was waived for this study as it adhered to national legislation and institutional guidelines.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
