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Authors
Dai, Yi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1919-1885
Liang, Yun
Sun, Lingling
Li, Ziyin
Lian, Chun
Li, Qin
Zhao, Feng
Wang, Weiwei
Cheng, Guanxun
Mao, Ning
Zhang, Haicheng https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8668-2799
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Article History
Received: 14 August 2025
Accepted: 9 October 2025
First Online: 20 November 2025
Declarations
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: Ethical approvals for this study (No. 2022–236 and No. 2022–247) were provided by the Ethics Committee of Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China. This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. For the retrospective part, informed consent was waived; for the prospective part, written informed consent was obtained from each patient.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
