Misera, Leo
Nebelung, Sven
Carrero, Zunamys I.
Bressem, Keno
Ligero, Marta
Kühn, Jens-Peter
Hoffmann, Ralf-Thorsten
Truhn, Daniel
Kather, Jakob Nikolas
Funding for this research was provided by:
Technische Universität Dresden
Article History
Received: 26 May 2025
Accepted: 19 November 2025
First Online: 8 January 2026
Declarations
:
: This study used only pre-existing, publicly available datasets (listed in the Data availability section). Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: KB declares speaker fees from Canon Medical Systems Corporation and GE HealthCare. DT received honoraria for lectures by Bayer, GE, Roche, AstraZeneca, and Philips and holds shares in StratifAI GmbH, Germany and in Synagen GmbH, Germany. JNK declares ongoing consulting services for AstraZeneca, Panakeia, and Bioptimus. Furthermore, he holds shares in StratifAI, Synagen, and Spira Labs, has received an institutional research grant from GSK and AstraZeneca, as well as honoraria from AstraZeneca, Bayer, Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Janssen, Merck, MSD, BMS, Roche, Pfizer, and Fresenius.