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Authors
Işık, Fatih https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3030-6794
Yalçın, Ahmet
Yılmaz, Sinan
Barutcigil, Muhammed Furkan
Akkus, Ahmet Tugrul
Karaman, Adem
Öztürk, Gürkan
Dursun, Hakan
Alper, Fatih
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Article History
Received: 23 September 2025
Accepted: 26 November 2025
First Online: 4 December 2025
Declarations
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: This retrospective, observational study was approved by the Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine Clinical Research Ethics Committee (Erzurum, Türkiye; Approval No. B.30.2.ATA.0.01.00/405). In view of the retrospective design and the use of existing, anonymized clinical data and images, the Committee waived the requirement for written informed consent in accordance with institutional policy and national regulations. All procedures were performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the Declaration of Helsinki (1975, as revised in 2013). No patient-identifiable data were collected or reported.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
