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Authors
Liu, Chaoying
Zhang, Heng
Jia, Zhuxia
Zhao, Jun
Shao, Xiaoliang
Liu, Jin
Xu, Mengmiao
Ni, Xinye
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62371243)
Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program Social Development Project (BE2022720)
the National Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu (BK20231190)
Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline Cultivation Unit of Oncology Therapeutics (JSDW202237)
General Program of Jiangsu Provincial Health Commission (M2020006)
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Article History
Received: 24 December 2025
Accepted: 23 February 2026
First Online: 14 March 2026
Declarations
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: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The Medical Ethics Committee of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University approved this retrospective study (No. [2024] KY107-01). As it was a retrospective study, the requirement for informed consent was waived.
: Not applicable. As this was a retrospective study using anonymized data, no individual consent for publication was required.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
