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Authors
Hu, Ran
Chen, Yan-Li
Li, Gang-Jing
Luo, Yin-Deng
Zhou, Di
Wang, Zhi-Gang
Zhang, Xiao-Di
Song, Zhixuan
Chen, Wei
Yang, Hua
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing, China (CSTB2025NSCQ-GPX1092)
the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing, China (CSTB2025NSCQ-GPX0325)
the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission (grant number KJQN202415136)
Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing, China (CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0230)
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Article History
Received: 13 October 2025
Accepted: 28 February 2026
First Online: 13 March 2026
Declarations
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: This retrospective, multicentric study adhered to the Helsinki Declaration (2013) and received ethical approval from the institutional review boards of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University and Southwest Hospital, (approval number: 315, Dec. 30, 2021, retrospectively registered). Due to the retrospective design, patient informed consent was waived.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
