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Authors
Liu, Yingying
Dou, Yafang
Yuan, Wenning
Wu, Shiman
Yao, Zhenwei
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shanghai Polytechnic University (EGD25DQ12)
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Article History
Received: 2 October 2025
Accepted: 9 March 2026
First Online: 13 March 2026
Declarations
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: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The work is based on a retrospective study, which was approved by the institutional review board of Huashan hospital (approval NO. KY2025-718, date of approval: 2025-May-09). The necessity of written informed consent was waived due to retrospective study design.
: The study was approved by the institutional review board. The necessity of written informed consent was waived due to retrospective study design.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
