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Authors
Ye, Dong-Man
Song, Si-Meng
Lu, Peng
Cui, Chun-Xiao
Gao, Kui-Ran
Yu, Tao
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Liaoning Provincial Science and Technology Plan Joint Program (2024-MSLH-269)
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Article History
Received: 8 March 2025
Accepted: 12 August 2026
First Online: 4 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This retrospective study complied with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Medical Ethical Committee of Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute (LH20250322) and the Medical Ethical Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University (QYFY WZLL 28631), with a waiver for informed consent.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process: During the preparation of this work the authors used ChatGPT for language polishing. After using this tool/service, the authors reviewed and edited the content as needed and take full responsibility for the content of the publication.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
