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Authors
Zhang, Xinxin
Liu, Xinlei
Lv, Xiaohu
Wang, Hu
Zhang, Bo
Ma, Yahui
Wang, Xiaoyun
Jia, Jianguang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
2024 Medical Service and Security Capability Enhancement (National Clinical Key Specialty Construction) Project, Shanghai Jiading District Medical Key Discipline Fund (No. 2020-Jdyxzdxk-06)
2024 Jiading District Central Hospital Research Innovation Exploration Plan (No. JZXKCTS-2024-13)
Jiading District Health Bureau Project (Grant No. 2022-KY-13)
Bengbu Medical University Natural Science Key Project (No. 2022byzd069)
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Article History
Received: 25 March 2026
Accepted: 13 August 2026
First Online: 29 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study used publicly available de-identified TCGA-STAD and TCIA data and did not involve direct contact with human participants. The original data collection was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and with the ethical approvals and informed-consent procedures required by the source databases; therefore, no additional institutional ethical approval number was required for this secondary analysis.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
