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Article History

Received: 27 February 2018

Accepted: 25 July 2018

First Online: 1 August 2018

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: Participants were recruited at each center through physician referral, advertisement in clinical areas or self-referral using the SPIROMICS study website (). The research protocol was approved by the institutional review boards of all participating institutions (Wake Forest School of Medicine, Columbia University, University of California at San Francisco, University of California at Los Angeles, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, University of Alabama at Birmingham, University of Michigan, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, University of Iowa, University of Utah, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University) with written informed consent from all participants.

: Not applicable.

: X.L.: Associate Editor of BMC Medical Genetics.V.E.O.: funding from the Foundation for the NIH NHLBI in the form of a K08 training award; consultancy fees from CSL Behring.E.J.A.: no conflicts of interest to disclose.R.G.B.: grants from the Foundation for the NIH, Alpha1 Foundation and personal fees from UpToDate and the COPD Foundation all outside of the submitted work.S.A.C.: no conflicts of interest to disclose.C.B.C.: grants from the Foundation for the NIH and NIH NHLBI; part-time employment by the Global Respiratory Franchise in the GlaxoSmithKline.D.C.: grants from the Foundation for the NIH and NIH NHLBI.M.T.D.: grants from the NIH, the Department of Defense, and the American Heart.Association; consultancy fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Boston Scientific, and GlaxoSmithKline and contracted clinical trials from Boehringer Ingelheim, Boston Scientific, GlaxoSmithKline, Pearl, Pulmonx, PneumRx, AstraZeneca, Novartis, and Yungjin.M.H.: grants from the NIH NHLBI and the Foundation for the NIH; consultancy fees from GlaxoSmithKline, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Novartis, and AstraZeneca.N.N.H.: grants from the Foundation for the NIH and NIH NHLBI.E.A.H.: grants from the Foundation for the NIH and NIH NHLBI; founder and shareholder of VIDA Diagnostics.R.E.K.: grants from the Foundation for the NIH and NIH NHLBI.E.K.: grants from the Foundation for the NIH and NIH NHLBI; grants from Boehringer-Ingelheim, Novartis, Pearl, AstraZeneca, and Sunovion outside of the submitted work.F.J.M.: grants from National Institutes of Health, Clarion, Continuing Education, Potomac, Afferent, and Adept; personal fees from Forest, Janssen, GlaxoSmithKline, Nycomed/Takeda, Amgen, Astra Zeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Ikaria/Bellerophon, Genentech, Janssen, Johnson & Johnson, Novartis, Pearl, Pfizer, Roche, Sunovion, Theravance, Axon Communication, CME Incite, California Society for Allergy and Immunology, Annenberg, Integritas, InThought, Miller Medical, National Association for Continuing Education, Paradigm, Peer Voice, UpToDate, Haymarket Communications, Western Society of Allergy and Immunology, Bioscale, Unity Biotechnology, ConCert, Lucid, Methodist Hospital, Prime, WebMD, Mereo, Kadmon, Pfizer, Veracyte, American Thoracic Society, Academic CME, Falco, and the National Association for Continuing Education.R.P.: grants from the Foundation for the NIH and NIH NHLBI.P.G.W.: grants from Medimmune and consultancy fees from Genentech/Roche, Astra Zeneca, Novartis, Neostem, Janssen outside the submitted work; a patent with Asthma diagnostics pending.G.A.H.: no conflicts of interest to disclose.E.R.B.: grants from the NIH NHLBI for the Severe Asthma Research Program, AsthmaNet, SPIROMICS, and the Foundation for the NIH; consultancy fees from Amgen, AstraZeneca-MedImmune, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Genentech/Roche, GlaxoSmithKline, Knopp, Novartis, and Sanofi/Regeneron; funds for clinical trials administered through the Wake Forest School of Medicine from Amgen, AstraZeneca-MedImmune, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Genentech/Roche, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen/Johnson & Johnson, Novartis, Pzifer, Sanofi-Regeneron, and Teva.D.A.M.: no conflicts of interest to disclose.

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