Raimann, Jochen G.
Ficociello, Linda H.
Usvyat, Len A.
Zhang, Hanjie
Pacelli, Lisa
Moore, Sandi
Sheppard, Penny
Xiao, Qingqing
Wang, Yuedong
Mullon, Claudy
Balter, Paul
Sullivan, Terry
Kotanko, Peter
Article History
Received: 25 September 2017
Accepted: 12 March 2018
First Online: 2 April 2018
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: This manuscript reports data from a retrospective analysis of a quality improvement project. The Renal Research Institute was formed as a joint-venture between Fresenius Medical Care North America and Beth Israel Medical Center (until 2010) and does not have an ethics committee. - Therefore the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at Beth Israel Medical Center acted as the local IRB for this study and has waived the need for review and determined this study as exempt under the provisions of 45 CFR 46 Section 101(b) as per the United States Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act.
: Not applicable.
: LHF and CM are employees of Fresenius Medical Care, North America. CM and PK hold stock in Fresenius Medical Care NA. All other authors have no relevant financial disclosures.
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