Gao, Kuiliang
Zhang, Chao
Zhang, Yifan
Zhang, Longyao
Xu, Jiankang
Xue, Hongfei
Jiang, Lingling
Zhang, Jinwei
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China,China (82374489)
Tianjin Municipal Health Commission (2021089)
Article History
Received: 10 January 2024
Accepted: 15 July 2024
First Online: 25 July 2024
Declarations
:
: All participants gave informed consent prior to conducting NHANES and ethics approval of the study was obtained from the Research Ethics Review Board at the National Centre for Health Statistics. NHANES makes available its anonymized database for researchers. Therefore, the authors of the manuscript did not obtain consent from the participants directly. The study has been approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, which determined that the study qualifies for exemption from full review. Since the study solely utilizes freely available public databases, no formal ethical review process was deemed necessary. Participants were informed about the nature and purpose of the study, and their voluntary participation was ensured. Confidentiality and anonymity of participants were strictly maintained throughout the research process.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.