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Article History

Received: 20 February 2023

Accepted: 5 December 2024

First Online: 7 January 2025

Declarations

:

: Data included in the Optum® CDM database are de-identified and are in compliance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 to preserve participant anonymity and confidentiality, and as such this study followed the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki without the requirement for review from a formal ethics review committee. The use of the provided Optum® data was determined by the New England Institutional Review Board to not constitute research involving human subjects and was therefore exempt from board oversight.

: Not applicable.

: CW reports advisory board and lecture fees from AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli-Lilly, Gilead, GSK, and MSD.CB and JS are employees of MicroDiscovery GmbH, Berlin, Germany.MB is an employee of Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany.FK is an employee of Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany.TV was a full-time employee of Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany at the time the study was performed and own shares in Bayer AG. TV is now an employee of Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG.