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Authors
Chien, Chih-Ying
Tsai, Ming-Tsun
Chen, Jinn-Yang
Chuang, Chiao-Lin
Tian, Jiu-Yun
Tai, Hsin-Ling
Lin, Chih-Ching
Li, Szu-Yuan
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Article History
Received: 26 August 2024
Accepted: 7 April 2025
First Online: 1 September 2025
Declarations
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: Approval was obtained from the institutional review board of Taipei Veterans General Hospital (2021-12-007C), because of its retrospective nature, patient informed consent wave was approved by the institutional review board.
: This retrospective study has complied with the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and the study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Taipei Veterans General Hospital, approval number 2021–12-007C. Since this study involved a retrospective review of existing data, approval from the Institutional Review Board was obtained, and administrative permissions were not required. There was no specific, informed consent from patients. The Institutional Review Board of Taipei Veterans General Hospital specifically waived the need for consent for these studies.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
