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Article History

Received: 27 August 2024

Accepted: 19 May 2025

First Online: 1 July 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was performed in accordance with our institutional guidelines, which conform to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (Eighth Edition) and current Japanese regulations. The study was approved by the Laboratory Animal Care and Use Committee of the Central Research Laboratories of Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Committee approval numbers: 22A-006, 22B-043). The general condition of the animals was carefully monitored at least once a day to assess pain and distress. If serious signs of pain and distress had been observed—such as reduced reflexes, ataxic gait, or low body temperature—the affected animal would have been euthanized. All experimental procedures were performed with care to minimize pain and distress in the animals.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.