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Authors
Gu, Wen
Zhou, Yijun
Jin, Haijiao
Lu, Renhua
Fang, Wei
Gu, Leyi
Wang, Qin
Yan, Hao
Shao, Xinghua
Fang, Yan
Li, Zhenyuan
Zhang, Haifen
Huang, Jiaying
Gu, Aiping
Gu, Jiaqi
Ni, Zhaohui
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82400790)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82070693)
Institute of Molecular Medicine, the Shanghai Medical Youth Talent Training and Support Program ([2025]71)
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, “Clinical+” Excellence Project (2024ZY004)
The Multicenter Clinical Research Project of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (DLY201805)
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Article History
Received: 12 May 2025
Accepted: 3 September 2025
First Online: 23 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the International Conference on Harmonization Guidelines for Good Clinical Practice. The requirement for individual informed consent was waived by the ethics committee due to the retrospective nature of the study, the analysis of deidentified data, and the minimal risk to participants. All patient data were anonymized and protected according to institutional protocols. The study adhered to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines for cohort studies.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
