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Authors
Edgar, Ben https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2767-7735
Jones, Catrin
Martin, Laura
Stevenson, Karen
Thomson, Peter C.
Mark, Patrick B.
Kingsmore, David B.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Kidney Research UK (GN19RE247)
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Article History
Received: 22 August 2025
Accepted: 30 October 2025
First Online: 25 November 2025
Declarations
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: This retrospective study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. No formal ethical approval was required, as determined by the Health Research Authority (HRA) Decision Tool [ ]. As the study involved the analysis of routinely collected clinical data, informed consent was not necessary in accordance with regional legislation [ ]. Approval for the use of patient data was obtained from the Caldicott Guardian (REF 2025-07-18), ensuring compliance with data governance and confidentiality standards.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
