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Authors
Zhang, Hongying
Wang, Chunyan
Jiang, Xiaoyun
Gao, Xiaojie
Tang, Xiaoshan
Liu, Jiaojiao
Dai, Rufeng
Liu, Jialu
Liao, Panli
Huang, Lin
Yang, Huihui
Zhang, Aihua
Shen, Qian
Wang, Xiaowen
Xu, Hong
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Construction Project of Research Division of Children's Kidney Disease of Wuhan Children's Hospital (2022FEYJS003)
Construction Project of Research Division of Children's Kidney Disease of Wuhan Children's Hospital (2022FEYJS003)
Knowledge and Innovation Project of Wuhan Science and Technology Bureau (2023020201010197)
Knowledge and Innovation Project of Wuhan Science and Technology Bureau (2023020201010197)
Hubei Provincial Health Commission Joint Fund Project (WJ2023M149)
Hubei Provincial Health Commission Joint Fund Project (WJ2023M149)
Shanghai “Rising Stars of Medical Talents” Youth Development Program (SHWSRS(2023)_070)
Shanghai “Rising Stars of Medical Talents” Youth Development Program (SHWSRS(2023)_070)
Shanghai “Rising Stars of Medical Talents” Youth Development Program (SHWSRS(2023)_070)
Shanghai Medical Health Clinical Research Youth Program (20244Y0024)
National Natural Sciences Foundation of China for Young Scholars (81900602)
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Article History
Received: 16 July 2025
Accepted: 7 November 2025
First Online: 23 December 2025
Declarations
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: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the [Ethics Committee of Wuhan Children’s Hospital] (Approval number: [2024R141-E01]).
: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. In accordance with federal and institutional guidelines, informed consent was obtained from the legal guardians for pediatric patients younger than the age of 16, while informed consent was obtained directly from pediatric patients aged over 16 years themselves.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
