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Authors
Howie, Cole
Al-Masry, Ahmad
Good, Mary K.
Van Eyck, Patrick
Wendt, Linder
Geasland, Katharine
Kennelty, Korey
Yamada, Masaaki
Jalal, Diana
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Article History
Received: 14 July 2025
Accepted: 29 December 2025
First Online: 24 January 2026
Declarations
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: This was a quality improvement project at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics and the Iowa City VA Health Care System. The study was submitted for approval to the University of Iowa Institutional Review Board (UIIRB) with a declaration of intent to publish. The UIIRB determined the project was exempt from review and the need for informed consent was waived by the UIIRB under the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Title 45 Part 46.104, Office for Human Research Protections (OHRP). Participation in the survey was voluntary, and survey results were completely anonymous, with no identifying information collected. This research adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable, as the manuscript does not contain any identifying images or individual data.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
