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Authors
Mi, Mengqi
Li, Jinyu
Liu, Junjie
Wang, Jianjun
Liu, Yuan
Wang, Hao
Liu, Tiejun
Li, Yuedan
Cheng, Aibin
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Article History
Received: 16 July 2025
Accepted: 9 January 2026
First Online: 7 February 2026
Declarations
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: The study protocol adhered to the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and received formal approval from the Ethics Committee at North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital (Approval No. SQ2024029). Given the retrospective nature and use of anonymized data, informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee.
: Not applicable. No individual personal data is included in the study.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
