Document is current

Article History

Received: 15 September 2025

Accepted: 27 March 2026

First Online: 3 April 2026

Declarations

:

: Informed consent was obtained from all patients, and the study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Bioethics Committee of the Medical University (consent number PCN/0022/KB1/52/I/19).

: Not applicable.

: M.A. received honoraria for lecture presentation from SANPROBI. I.Ł. is a probiotic company shareholder, M.K., A.W.W., and D.C.L. are probiotic company employees. The rest of the authors declare no conflicts of interest in this work.