Torbjørnsen, Astrid
Nygaard-Andersen, Beate
Kiani, Kiana
Leonardsen, Ann-Chatrin Linqvist
Wolf, Axel
Pripp, Are Hugo
Hougaard, Peter Forde
Finderup, Jeanette
Funding for this research was provided by:
OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University
Article History
Received: 3 November 2025
Accepted: 3 April 2026
First Online: 14 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The data was collected using fully anonymized, non-traceable information. The study adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki [ ]. According to the relevant national legislation in the three countries, ethical approval was not necessary for this study because no personal data was processed [ – ]. Authorities in Sweden and Denmark were consulted to ensure compliance with their respective research ethics laws. All participants received information about the study at the start of the online survey, indicating that completing the survey was considered consent to participate. The information also stated that the survey was entirely anonymous, and responses could not be traced back to individuals.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.