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Authors
Wu, Rui
Yao, Gaiqi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Beijing Major Epidemic Prevention and Control Key Specialty Intensive Care Medicine Construction Project under Grant (010086)
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Article History
Received: 28 December 2025
Accepted: 17 April 2026
First Online: 25 April 2026
Declarations
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: This study received approval from the Ethics Committee of Peking University Third Hospital (M2024876). This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The requirement for individual informed consent was waived by the ethics committee due to the retrospective nature of the study, the analysis of deidentified data, and the minimal risk to participants. All patient data were anonymized and protected according to institutional protocols. The study adhered to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines for cohort studies.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
