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Authors
Karimi, Mahdi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1225-6287
Hosseini, Seyed Ahmad https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9075-4126
Javid, Ahmad Zare https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7119-7582
Bazyar, Hadi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1627-7122
Shayanpour, Shokouh https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0499-1465
Heidari, Zeinab https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6799-9862
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Article History
Received: 4 July 2025
Accepted: 8 May 2026
First Online: 2 June 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (approval code: IR.AJUMS.REC.1401.483). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and local laws and institutional requirements. All participants provided written informed consent to participate in this study.
Consent for publication: Not applicable, as this manuscript contains no individual person’s data in any form (e.g., individual details, images, or videos). The institutional ethics committee waived the requirement for consent for publication.
Study registration: This study was not registered in a clinical trial registry because it is an observational (cross-sectional) study, not a clinical trial. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the ethics committee as noted above.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
