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Authors
Javed, Ahmed
Khan, Hammad
Ahmad, Waleed
Uzair, Muhammad
Ashraf, Quratulain
Jamil, Muhammad Raafay
Salman, Muhammad
Aisha, FNU
Nawaz, Areesha
Khan, Muhammad Abdul Haseeb https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2101-9566
Javid, Fatima
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Article History
Received: 14 January 2026
Accepted: 18 May 2026
First Online: 19 June 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study utilized publicly available, de-identified mortality data obtained from the CDC WONDER database. As the data do not contain personally identifiable information, institutional review board approval and informed consent were not required.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
