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Authors
Otsuka, Emiko
Kitamura, Mineaki https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0003-8645
Yamashita, Hiroshi
Fukuda, Haruka
Abe, Shinichi
Tsuyuki, Tomohisa
Iwata, Mayu
Yamashita, Ayuko
Torigoe, Kenta
Takazono, Takahiro
Sakamoto, Noriho
Muta, Kumiko
Mukae, Hiroshi
Nishino, Tomoya
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the 9th TSUBASA PROJECT grant from the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy
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Article History
Received: 15 March 2026
Accepted: 8 September 2026
First Online: 6 October 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Nagasaki Harbor Medical Center Institutional Review Board (approval number: NIRB No. R07-015) and adhered to the ethical standards of the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments. The requirement for informed consent from patients was waived owing to the retrospective design of the study and anonymized data usage in the study.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
