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Article History

Received: 12 June 2020

Accepted: 6 August 2020

First Online: 11 August 2020

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: The use of the database was reviewed by the New England Institutional Review Board (IRB) and was determined to be exempt from broad IRB approval, as this research project did not involve human subjects research. Researchers did not have access to the raw administrative insurance claims data. The raw data was aggregated from insurance providers by the data provider which were then cleaned and de-identified, removing any personal identifying information. Access to the database containing the de-identified data for research purposes was granted by the data owner, Optum©, and is closed to public use.

: Not applicable.

: All authors are employees of Janssen Research & Development, LLC, which markets and develops treatments for depression, and are stockholders of Johnson & Johnson, Janssen’s parent company.