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Article History

Received: 29 May 2024

Accepted: 25 July 2024

First Online: 2 August 2024

Declarations

:

: Ethics approval was given for the feasibility study (including interview study) on the 11th June 2015 by West Midlands – Black Country Research Ethics Committee (15/WM/0165) and the main study (including interview study) on the 17th February 2017 by North West—Greater Manchester East Research Ethics Committee (REC REF: 16/NW/0890). The CHESS study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant data protection legislation. All participants gave their informed consent for inclusion before they participated in any part of the trial.Participants in both the feasibility study and the trial were, during the process of being fully informed and consented to take part, asked if they were willing to be potentially contacted to participate in the interview study. A purposive sample of these participants (who said yes) were invited and again provided fully informed consent for this aspect of the study. All of those who participated in the study had the right to withdraw at any time.

: Not applicable.

: MU is chief investigator or co-investigator on multiple previous and current research grants from the UK National Institute for Health Research, Arthritis Research UK and is a co-investigator on grants funded by the Australian NHMRC and Norwegian MRC. He was an NIHR Senior Investigator until March 2021. He has received travel expenses for speaking at conferences from the professional organisations hosting the conferences. He is a director and shareholder of Clinvivo Ltd that provides electronic data collection for health services research. He is part of an academic partnership with Serco Ltd, funded by the European Social Fund, related to return-to-work initiatives. He receives some salary support from University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire He is a co-investigator on three NIHR funded studies receiving additional support from Stryker Ltd. Until March 2020 he was an editor of the NIHR journal series, and a member of the NIHR Journal Editors Group, for which he received a fee. FG reports grants from NIHR during the conduct of the study. SJCT reports grants from HTA Improving the Wellbeing of people with Opioid Treated CHronic pain; I-WOTCH HTA 14/224/04, grants from NIHR PGfAR Competition 14 Stage 2 Chronic Headache Education and Self-management Study (CHESS) reference number: RP-PG-1212–20018, grants from NIHR Programme Grant Round 3: RP-PG-0707–10189 “Self management for Chronic Pain” (COPERS) outside the submitted work. DRE reports grants from NIHR during the conduct of the study and he receives some salary support from University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire. VN Report no conflicts of interest.FG reports grants from NIHR during the conduct of the study.SJCT reports grants from HTA Improving the Wellbeing of people with Opioid Treated CHronic pain; I-WOTCH HTA 14/224/04, grants from NIHR PGfAR Competition 14 Stage 2 Chronic Headache Education and Self-management Study (CHESS) reference number: RP-PG-1212–20018, grants from NIHR Programme Grant Round 3: RP-PG-0707–10189 “Self management for Chronic Pain” (COPERS) outside the submitted work.DRE reports grants from NIHR during the conduct of the study and he receives some salary support from University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire.VN Report no conflicts of interest.